{"id":13334,"date":"2016-01-29T11:38:01","date_gmt":"2016-01-29T10:38:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334"},"modified":"2024-10-14T16:08:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T15:08:15","slug":"en-georgie-aux-origines-du-vin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334","title":{"rendered":"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>En automne dernier (2015), je suis all\u00e9 voir comment les G\u00e9orgiens \u00e9laborent du vin depuis 8&rsquo;000 ans, peut-\u00eatre (6&rsquo;000 ans avant JC). Sous la conduite d\u2019un ancien ambassadeur, qui fut, \u00e0 Fribourg, collaborateur de l\u2019Institut du f\u00e9d\u00e9ralisme. Reportage: on y croise une piste suisse&#8230; Lire aussi l&rsquo;article paru en janvier 2016 dans l&rsquo;hebdomadaire <em>H\u00f4tellerie &amp; Gastronomie Hebdo<\/em>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13344\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13344\">PDF \u00e0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger ici.<\/a> <em>La Libert\u00e9<\/em> a \u00e9galement publi\u00e9 une version courte du reportage qui suit, le 27 janvier 2016.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Par Pierre Thomas, textes et photos<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dans cette r\u00e9publique caucasienne, tout tourne autour de la capitale, Tbilissi, 1,3 million d\u2019habitants, qui concentre pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 des habitants du pays. Des embouteillages dignes des plus grandes m\u00e9tropoles, pour des accros au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable\u00a0: les G\u00e9orgiens d\u00e9tiendraient le record mondial en la mati\u00e8re. C\u2019est <strong>Ivane Gagua<\/strong> qui nous le dit. Cet entrepreneur, rencontr\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 <strong>Malkhaz Kakabadze<\/strong>, <em>\u00abnotre\u00bb<\/em> ancien ambassadeur sous la pr\u00e9sidence de feu <strong>Edouard Chevardnadze<\/strong>, a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u2019exploiter un nouveau filon, le vin. Pas n\u2019importe quel vin, celui que, traditionnellement, les G\u00e9orgiens savent faire depuis 6&rsquo;000 ans. Dans leur langue, alphabet et prononciation, ils revendiquent d\u2019avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 les premiers \u00e0 utiliser le mot <em>\u00abghvino\u00bb <\/em>en kartv\u00e9lien, anc\u00eatre du mot <em>\u00abvin\u00bb<\/em>. Et le mois d&rsquo;octobre, celui des vendanges, se nomme <em>\u00abghvinobistve\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13335\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13335\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13335\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13335\" data-attachment-id=\"13335\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13335\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445177509&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;32&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00055586436909394&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_qvevris_finies\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Faites \u00e0 la main en argile locale, les jarres sont ensuite cuite au four.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13335\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Faites \u00e0 la main en argile locale, les jarres sont ensuite cuite au four.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13335\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Faites \u00e0 la main en argile locale, les jarres sont ensuite cuite au four.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>C&rsquo;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13343\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13343\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13343\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13343\" data-attachment-id=\"13343\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13343\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445178304&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;125&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.03030303030303&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_potier\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Le dressage d\u2019une \u00abqvevri\u00bb commence par le tournage de l\u2019argile, par le potier Zaliko Bojadze.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13343\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Le dressage d\u2019une \u00abqvevri\u00bb commence par le tournage de l\u2019argile, par le potier Zaliko Bojadze.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_potier.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13343\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Le dressage d\u2019une \u00abqvevri\u00bb commence par le tournage de l\u2019argile, par le potier Zaliko Bojadze. C&rsquo;est lui qui a tourn\u00e9 la <strong>\u00ab<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?p=13404\">qvevri\u00bb offerte par la G\u00e9orgie au Palais des Nations de l&rsquo;ONU<\/a> <\/strong>\u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve en mars 2016.<br \/><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><strong>Des jarres \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>L\u2019entrepreneur vient de recevoir son 4 X 4 rouge m\u00e9tallis\u00e9 de marque am\u00e9ricaine, construit en Afrique du Sud. Nous partons donc, un jour pluvieux d\u2019automne, sur les routes de la Kakh\u00e9tie, la plus grande r\u00e9gion viticole du pays. On s\u2019arr\u00eate \u00e0 ses marges, dans un vignoble tir\u00e9 sur fil, qui produit du rkatsiteli, le c\u00e9page blanc le plus plant\u00e9 du pays, qui donne des vins secs de bonne constitution. Le vigneron que nous rencontrons a d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait du vin de mani\u00e8re artisanale. Il va d\u00e9sormais livrer sa vendange \u00e0 <strong>Ivane Gagua<\/strong>. La terre, argileuse, para\u00eet lourde et le rendement en grappes plut\u00f4t \u00e9lev\u00e9. Il faut imaginer ces m\u00eames ceps sous le soleil d\u2019un \u00e9t\u00e9 au climat de type continental, avec des journ\u00e9es chaudes et des nuits froides.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13336\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13336\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13336\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13336\" data-attachment-id=\"13336\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13336\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445426391&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;32&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.001187648456057&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_guaga.jpt\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;L\u2019entrepreneur Ivane Guago (\u00e0 droite) et son fournisseur de rkatsiteli.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13336\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"L\u2019entrepreneur Ivane Guago (\u00e0 droite) et son fournisseur de rkatsiteli.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_guaga.jpt_.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13336\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>L\u2019entrepreneur Ivane Guaga (\u00e0 droite) et son fournisseur de rkatsiteli.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Nous roulons une quarantaine de kilom\u00e8tres et nous arrivons \u00e0 la cave. Cet ensemble de b\u00e2timents paraissent \u00e0 l\u2019abandon, juste derri\u00e8re l\u2019\u00e9cole du village. Surprise d\u00e8s la porte d\u2019un hangar pouss\u00e9e\u00a0: des centaines de bouches b\u00e8ent sur le sol de b\u00e9ton. Ce sont des jarres, des <em>\u00abqvevris\u00bb<\/em>, de diverses contenances, de 300 \u00e0 2&rsquo;000 kilos, pour stocker le raisin pendant la fermentation.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Du vin 100% naturel<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Une \u00e9quipe d\u2019ouvriers s\u2019active. Cueillis, les raisins sont mis soit grappe enti\u00e8re, soit parfois \u00e9grapp\u00e9s (voire press\u00e9s dans d&rsquo;autres r\u00e9gions que la Khak\u00e9tie), directement dans les r\u00e9cipients enterr\u00e9s, dont certains datent du d\u00e9but du 20<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des tsars. Durant une vingtaine de jours, il faut se relayer pour \u00abpiger\u00bb, nuit et jour, avec un b\u00e2ton cette masse de fruits, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que les peaux en contact avec le liquide filent au fond du r\u00e9cipient. Le mo\u00fbt ferment\u00e9 est alors transvas\u00e9 dans une autre jarre, aujourd\u2019hui par une pompe. Il terminera sa fermentation tranquillement pendant quelques mois dans des jarres scell\u00e9es herm\u00e9tiquement.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13337\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13337\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13337\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13337\" data-attachment-id=\"13337\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13337\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445431305&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.058823529411765&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_qvevris_nomb\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Ivane Guago a r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 des centaines de \u00abqvevris\u00bb utilis\u00e9es par les Sovi\u00e9tiques.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13337\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Ivane Guago a r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 des centaines de \u00abqvevris\u00bb utilis\u00e9es par les Sovi\u00e9tiques.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_nomb.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13337\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Ivane Guaga a r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 des centaines de \u00abqvevris\u00bb utilis\u00e9es par les Sovi\u00e9tiques.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ce processus ancestral n\u2019utilise donc ni pressoir, ni levures, ni soufre (SO2) pour faire du vin 100% naturel. <strong>Ivane Gagua<\/strong> s\u2019est entour\u00e9 de vignerons du village et de l\u2019\u0153nologue qui surveillait, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re sovi\u00e9tique, cette unit\u00e9 de production. Si les Russes avaient introduit la mani\u00e8re moderne d\u2019\u00e9laborer le vin dans des citernes horizontales, ils avaient gard\u00e9, pour la consommation locale, le processus ancestral, autant pour le blanc que pour le rouge. L\u2019investisseur ne sait pas encore ce qu\u2019il fera, ce printemps, du contenu de ses jarres\u2026 Peut-\u00eatre remplira-t-il des dames-jeannes pour les consommateurs de Tbilissi. Peut-\u00eatre fera-t-il distiller le tout, pour un marc local appel\u00e9 chacha. Ou, qui sait, trouvera-t-il un acheteur, malgr\u00e9 la crise (<em>lire ci-dessous<\/em>).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13338\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13338\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13338\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13338\" data-attachment-id=\"13338\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13338\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?fit=2448%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2448,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445170622&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;32&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00070821529745042&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_geo_iago\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Iago Bitarishvili, jeune vigneron vedette, et de petites \u00abqvevris\u00bb.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?fit=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?fit=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13338\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago-300x300.jpg?resize=300%2C300\" alt=\"Iago Bitarishvili, jeune vigneron vedette, et de petites \u00abqvevris\u00bb.\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=37%2C37&amp;ssl=1 37w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=128%2C128&amp;ssl=1 128w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?resize=184%2C184&amp;ssl=1 184w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_geo_iago.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13338\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Iago Bitarishvili, jeune vigneron vedette, et une petite \u00abqvevri\u00bb.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ce vin en <em>\u00abqvevris\u00bb<\/em>, chez les petits vignerons, reste traditionnel, comme pour <strong>Iago Bitarishvili<\/strong>. Son vin blanc, \u00e0 base du c\u00e9page chinuri, quelques centaines de bouteilles par an, est d\u00e9j\u00e0 tr\u00e8s r\u00e9put\u00e9 et il a m\u00eame un importateur du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de B\u00e2le. <em>(En mars prochain, \u00e0 lire un compl\u00e9ment sur des vins g\u00e9orgiens d\u00e9gust\u00e9s en Suisse).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Car le <em>\u00abvin orange\u00bb<\/em> commence a faire des adeptes de New York \u00e0 Milan, en passant par Londres. La cuv\u00e9e <strong>Qvevri<\/strong> de <strong>Tbilvino<\/strong>, pr\u00e8s de 30&rsquo;000 bouteilles par an, vendue sous une \u00e9tiquette <em>\u00abcorporate\u00bb<\/em> de la cha\u00eene anglaise <em>Marks and Spencer<\/em>, s\u2019est class\u00e9e en t\u00eate du palmar\u00e8s de 15 <em>\u00abvins oranges\u00bb<\/em> de toute l\u2019Europe, publi\u00e9 par le quotidien londonien <em>\u00abThe Independent\u00bb<\/em> cet \u00e9t\u00e9. Fruit\u00e9, concentr\u00e9, agr\u00e9ablement tannique, ce blanc est remarquable.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>A cheval entre l\u2019ancien et le moderne<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>On passe au d\u00e9bott\u00e9 \u00e0 la visite du Ch\u00e2teau Mukhrani, haut-lieu de la vitiviniculture g\u00e9orgienne, propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du milliardaire su\u00e9dois <strong>Frederik Paulsen<\/strong>, domicili\u00e9 \u00e0 Lausanne. Le jeune directeur, <strong>Patrick Honnef<\/strong>, un \u0153nologue allemand form\u00e9 \u00e0 Bordeaux, nous re\u00e7oit, en parall\u00e8le du fils de l\u2019acteur <strong>Harrison Ford<\/strong>, <em>\u00abchef Ben\u00bb<\/em>, un restaurateur vedette \u00e0 Los Angeles.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13339\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13339\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13339\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13339\" data-attachment-id=\"13339\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13339\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445277774&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;640&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.058823529411765&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_oeno_mukhrani\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;L\u2019\u0153nologue Patrick Honnef dans les caves r\u00e9nov\u00e9es du Ch\u00e2teau Mukhrani.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13339\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"L\u2019\u0153nologue Patrick Honnef dans les caves r\u00e9nov\u00e9es du Ch\u00e2teau Mukhrani.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_oeno_mukhrani.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13339\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>L\u2019\u0153nologue Patrick Honnef dans les caves r\u00e9nov\u00e9es du Ch\u00e2teau Mukhrani.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>L\u2019\u0153nologue nous fait d\u00e9guster deux essais de <em>\u00abqvevris\u00bb<\/em> 2014. Le premier, 100% rkatsiteli, exhale des notes explosives d\u2019ananas et de fruits exotiques, avec du gras, de la puissance, de la souplesse, mais une acidit\u00e9 plut\u00f4t basse. Le second, mi-rkatsiteli, mi-mtsvane kakhuri, un c\u00e9page pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme le <em>\u00abriesling de la G\u00e9orgie\u00bb<\/em> par l\u2019amp\u00e9lographe <strong>Pierre Galet<\/strong>, a davantage de tanins, de complexit\u00e9, d\u2019acidit\u00e9, avec des notes de coing et de mirabelle. Prometteur! L\u2019\u0153nologue envisage de <em>\u00abm\u00e9tisser\u00bb<\/em> le processus ancestral avec des techniques modernes, par exemple en \u00e9vitant la seconde fermentation (malolactique) sur ces vins, pour en garder fra\u00eecheur et acidit\u00e9. Et il trouve le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 sur le grand c\u00e9page rouge de G\u00e9orgie, le saperavi, moins int\u00e9ressant. Pour ce rouge, il pr\u00e9conise un passerillage hors souche, comme pour l\u2019amarone. Profession de foi enthousiaste de <strong>Patrick Honnef<\/strong>\u00a0: <em>\u00abA Bordeaux, on ne pouvait qu\u2019am\u00e9liorer deux ou trois choses. Ici, on assiste \u00e0 la vraie renaissance de la culture du vin. On peut tout cr\u00e9er\u00a0!\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13340\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13340\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13340\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13340\" data-attachment-id=\"13340\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13340\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445276435&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.058823529411765&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_paulsen\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Le milliardaire Frederik Paulsen, domicili\u00e9 \u00e0 Lausanne, a sa propre grappa (chacha).&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13340\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Le milliardaire Frederik Paulsen, domicili\u00e9 \u00e0 Lausanne, a sa propre grappa (chacha).\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_paulsen.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13340\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Le milliardaire Frederik Paulsen, domicili\u00e9 \u00e0 Lausanne, a sa propre grappa (chacha).<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><em>Eclairages<br \/>\n<\/em><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Le vin de la police politique sovi\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Il a fallu cinq heures de voiture de Tbilissi, pour nous rendre \u00e0 l\u2019ouest, dans les montagnes de Lechkhumi, chez un vieil ami de <strong>M. Kakabadze, Vakhtamg Aslanikashvili,<\/strong> \u00e0 Okureshi. Autour de sa maison, ce retrait\u00e9 d\u2019un complexe m\u00e9tallurgique, a plant\u00e9 des vignes du c\u00e9page usakhelouri, et le vinifie lui-m\u00eame dans des cuves en acier, construites de ses mains.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13341\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13341\"><img data-attachment-id=\"13341\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13341\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1450872276&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;250&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.03030303030303&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_usakhelouri\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-13341\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"site_usakhelouri\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_usakhelouri.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ce rare c\u00e9page rouge, cultiv\u00e9 sur une cinquantaine d\u2019hectares seulement, a une histoire singuli\u00e8re. A l\u2019\u00e9poque sovi\u00e9tique, ce vin abreuvait en exclusivit\u00e9 le <em>\u00abcommissariat du peuple aux affaires int\u00e9rieures\u00bb<\/em> \u00e0 Moscou, soit la police politique NKVD. Staline avait fait appel \u00e0 un autre G\u00e9orgien, <strong>Laurenti Beria<\/strong>, pour diriger le redout\u00e9 NKVD de 1938 \u00e0 1945. Aujourd\u2019hui, l\u2019usakhelouri n\u2019est cultiv\u00e9 que dans une r\u00e9gion de collines, appel\u00e9e <em>\u00abla Suisse de la G\u00e9orgie\u00bb<\/em>, sur de petits parchets pentus. Les producteurs voudraient lui faire reconna\u00eetre l\u2019<em>\u00abindication g\u00e9ographique prot\u00e9g\u00e9e\u00bb<\/em> (IGP). Pour Moscou, ce rouge \u00e9tait \u00e9labor\u00e9 en vin demi-doux, avec 30 \u00e0 50 grammes de sucre r\u00e9siduel par litre. Mais <strong>Vakhtamg Aslanikashvili<\/strong> le vinifie aussi en version s\u00e8che, au fruit\u00e9 d\u00e9licat, d\u2019une bonne acidit\u00e9, un peu rustique. Aujourd\u2019hui, il se trouve \u00e0 Moscou ou\u2026 \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, o\u00f9 il aurait ses aficionados au Palais des Nations, et s\u2019\u00e9change \u00e0 prix d\u2019or (on parle de cent francs la bouteille)!<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13342\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13342\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13342\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13342\" data-attachment-id=\"13342\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?attachment_id=13342\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?fit=3264%2C2448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"3264,2448\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445250635&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;32&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0012391573729864&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"site_vignesmont\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Les vignes d\u2019usakhelouri et la villa-cave de Vakhtamg Aslanikashvili \u00e0 Okureshi.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13342\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Les vignes d\u2019usakhelouri et la villa-cave de Vakhtamg Aslanikashvili \u00e0 Okureshi.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_vignesmont.jpg?w=3000&amp;ssl=1 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13342\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Les vignes d\u2019usakhelouri et la villa-cave de Vakhtamg Aslanikashvili \u00e0 Okureshi.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><strong>Une \u00e9conomie en montagnes russes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9conomie vitivinicole g\u00e9orgienne a toujours d\u00e9pendu de la Russie. Le vin g\u00e9orgien \u00e9tait bu \u00e0 la cour des tsars. Puis, sous <strong>Staline<\/strong>, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Gori, o\u00f9 se visite le mus\u00e9e, ultime avatar du <em>\u00abculte de la personnalit\u00e9\u00bb<\/em>, d\u2019immenses caves ont produit en quantit\u00e9s industrielles mousseux et vin rouge doux, dont les Russes \u00e9taient (et sont encore\u2026) friands.<\/p>\n<p>A la fin de l\u2019URSS, <strong>Gorbatchev<\/strong> mena une campagne anti-alcool de 1985 \u00e0 1988, qui porta un rude coup aux vins et alcools g\u00e9orgiens. Apr\u00e8s l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la G\u00e9orgie, en 1991, l\u2019exportation vers la Russie connut un regain d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat au milieu des ann\u00e9es 2000. Puis un boycott fut d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 par <strong>Vladimir Poutine<\/strong>, pour des raisons politico-militaires li\u00e9es aux diff\u00e9rends sur l\u2019Abkhasie (1992) et l\u2019Oss\u00e9tie du Sud (2008), deux r\u00e9gions reprises par l\u2019arm\u00e9e russe. Ce boycott fut suspendu en 2013, avec, pour cons\u00e9quence, un sommet jamais atteint dans les exportations en 2014, \u00e0 hauteur de 180 millions de dollars. Las, quelques mois plus tard, l\u2019affaiblissement des monnaies russes et ukrainiennes a entra\u00een\u00e9 une chute vertigineuse de 60% des exportations vers ces deux pays, en 2015. La G\u00e9orgie paie aussi sa volont\u00e9 de se rapprocher de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, au moment o\u00f9 Moscou bloque l\u2019entr\u00e9e des produits agroalimentaires europ\u00e9ens et am\u00e9ricains. A la veille de No\u00ebl 2015, la crise \u00e9conomique a m\u00eame conduit le jeune premier ministre <strong>Irakli Garibachvili<\/strong>, 33 ans, \u00e0 la d\u00e9mission.<\/p>\n<p>Dans la perspective de la r\u00e9ouverture du march\u00e9 russe, la production de raisin a doubl\u00e9 entre 2012 et 2015, passant de 144&rsquo;000 \u00e0 290&rsquo;000 tonnes. Le marasme est programm\u00e9\u00a0: la G\u00e9orgie aurait une r\u00e9colte de trop en cave\u00a0! Au point qu\u2019elle va distiller \u00e0 tour de bras. Les viticulteurs ont obtenu des subventions du gouvernement. En 2012, elles se montaient \u00e0 un tiers du prix du raisin, et \u00e9taient vers\u00e9es aux caves. Depuis 2013, elles sont allou\u00e9es directement aux viticulteurs exploitant plus de 10 hectares et ont atteint 38% du prix de la vendange en 2014, selon le <em>Georgian Journal<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, la G\u00e9orgie regarde vers la Chine. Selon une nouvelle sur Internet, de d\u00e9but 2016,\u00a0la G\u00e9orgie va ouvrir un site de vente et d&rsquo;exposition sur les vins dans la province du Jiangxi (30 millions d&rsquo;habitants), au sud-ouest de P\u00e9kin, o\u00f9 un autre lieu a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 ouvert, pour faire la promotion des vins g\u00e9orgiens. L&rsquo;exportation de vins g\u00e9orgiens en Chine aurait plus que doubl\u00e9 entre 2014 et 2015 et atteindrait 2,6 millions de bouteilles, l&rsquo;an pass\u00e9, selon le minist\u00e8re g\u00e9orgien de l&rsquo;agriculture. (<em>PTs<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a9thomasvino.ch<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En automne dernier (2015), je suis all\u00e9 voir comment les G\u00e9orgiens \u00e9laborent du vin depuis 8&rsquo;000 ans, peut-\u00eatre (6&rsquo;000 ans avant JC). Sous la conduite d\u2019un ancien ambassadeur, qui fut, \u00e0 Fribourg, collaborateur de l\u2019Institut du f\u00e9d\u00e9ralisme. Reportage: on y croise une piste suisse&#8230; Lire aussi l&rsquo;article paru en janvier 2016 dans l&rsquo;hebdomadaire H\u00f4tellerie &amp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[2],"tags":[1240,1238,1241,1243,1242,1235,1237,1236,1239],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin - thomasvino<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin - thomasvino\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En automne dernier (2015), je suis all\u00e9 voir comment les G\u00e9orgiens \u00e9laborent du vin depuis 8&rsquo;000 ans, peut-\u00eatre (6&rsquo;000 ans avant JC). Sous la conduite d\u2019un ancien ambassadeur, qui fut, \u00e0 Fribourg, collaborateur de l\u2019Institut du f\u00e9d\u00e9ralisme. Reportage: on y croise une piste suisse&#8230; Lire aussi l&rsquo;article paru en janvier 2016 dans l&rsquo;hebdomadaire H\u00f4tellerie &amp; [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"thomasvino\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-29T10:38:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-14T15:08:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/site_qvevris_finies-300x225.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Pierre Thomas\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Pierre Thomas\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334\",\"name\":\"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin - thomasvino\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2016-01-29T10:38:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-14T15:08:15+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/#\/schema\/person\/670bf4486fe81152cf1d68bd585e062e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/\",\"name\":\"thomasvino\",\"description\":\"Vins &amp; Gastronomie\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/#\/schema\/person\/670bf4486fe81152cf1d68bd585e062e\",\"name\":\"Pierre Thomas\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/91fd5a76647f140e53db987a0dead4d7?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/91fd5a76647f140e53db987a0dead4d7?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Pierre Thomas\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?author=3\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin - thomasvino","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13334","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"En G\u00e9orgie, aux origines du vin - thomasvino","og_description":"En automne dernier (2015), je suis all\u00e9 voir comment les G\u00e9orgiens \u00e9laborent du vin depuis 8&rsquo;000 ans, peut-\u00eatre (6&rsquo;000 ans avant JC). 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Pourquoi ne pas faire l\u2019inverse\u00a0? Et laisser mac\u00e9rer des baies blanches durant plusieurs mois o\u00f9 elles fermentent dans un r\u00e9cipient ferm\u00e9. Depuis 6'000 ans, et encore\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Bonne bouche \u2014 encore!&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":13404,"url":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13404","url_meta":{"origin":13334,"position":1},"title":"Une qvevri pour l\u2019ONU \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve","date":"1 mars 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Le 1er mars 2016, le jeune ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res de G\u00e9orgie, Mikheil Janelidze (au micro) et le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019ONU \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, Michael Moller (\u00e0 dr.) ont inaugur\u00e9 la qvevri de belle taille d\u00e9pos\u00e9e dans le parc de l\u2019Ariana, devant un des b\u00e2timents de l\u2019ONU. Class\u00e9 au patrimoine\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Actus - News&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/qvevri_onu1e-300x225.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13519,"url":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=13519","url_meta":{"origin":13334,"position":2},"title":"G\u00e9orgie: aux origines du vin","date":"17 avril 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"O\u00f9 l\u2019homme a-t-il, le premier, appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 le jus de raisin ferment\u00e9 et l\u2019ivresse qu\u2019il procure? Sans doute en G\u00e9orgie o\u00f9 subsistent des vins faits comme il y a 8'000 ans. Reportage, paru dans le suppl\u00e9ment encore! du Matin-Dimanche et de la Sonntagszeitung du 17 avril 2016 (pdf ici, en deux\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Tendance&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/IMG_6034-1-e1460905841269-300x225.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":14482,"url":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=14482","url_meta":{"origin":13334,"position":3},"title":"La G\u00e9orgie \u00e0 la Cit\u00e9 du Vin \u00e0 Bordeaux","date":"24 juillet 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Un peu plus d'un an apr\u00e8s son inauguration, la Cit\u00e9 du Vin, \u00e0 Bordeaux, dont la fr\u00e9quentation en fait une raison de visiter la ville, accueille sa premi\u00e8re exposition consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 un vignoble invit\u00e9. Jusqu'au 5 novembre 2017, c'est la G\u00e9orgie qui est en vedette. L'exposition temporaire pr\u00e9sente 125 objets\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Actus - News&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thomasvino.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/qvevri-300x225.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":9853,"url":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=9853","url_meta":{"origin":13334,"position":4},"title":"Argentine \u2014 Ces Suisses qui croient aux vins argentins","date":"4 ao\u00fbt 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Mendoza, huiti\u00e8me \u00abmerveille\u00bb du monde du vin Ces Suisses qui croient \u00e0 l\u2019Argentine La ville de Mendoza, au pied de l\u2019Aconcagua et du Tupungato, deux sommets mythiques des Andes, vient de rejoindre le cercle ferm\u00e9 des huit \u00abgrandes capitales du vin\u00bb du monde. Des Suisses y sont actifs. Reportage, \u00e0\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Vins du Nouveau Monde&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9435,"url":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/?p=9435","url_meta":{"origin":13334,"position":5},"title":"L&rsquo;amphore, le buzz du vignoble en 2012","date":"4 septembre 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u2019\u0153uf (de Colomb)* des vins blancs suisses Dernier accessoire \u00e0 la mode ou tendance lourde? Dans les caves romandes, c\u2019est le retour de l\u2019amphore, apr\u00e8s 2'000 ans d\u2019effacement devant le tonneau de bois. Et comme l\u2019\u00e9crivent Laurent Baraou et Monsieur Septime, dans leur \u00abGuide de l\u2019Alter-vin; (Fran\u00e7ois Bourin Editeur), l\u2019amphore\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Tendance&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"vo_amphores.jpg","src":"img\/vo_amphores.jpg","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13334"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13334"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18508,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13334\/revisions\/18508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomasvino.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}